Plastering, varnishing, distempering, whitewashing, coloring, etc. serve primarily two purposes, as outlined in the following section.
They offer the surfaces a protective covering that protects them from environmental impacts such as rain, frost, and heat; and They create ornamental features that enhance the look of the surfaces and the structure as a whole.
Types Of Building Finishes
1. Plastering
This is the process of coating various surfaces of a structure with a polymeric substance, such as cement mortar, lime mortar, composite mortar, etc., in order to achieve a surface that is uniform, smooth, regular, clean, and durable. Plastering covers low-quality materials and shoddy craftsmanship, as well as providing a protective layer against the impacts of the environment. In addition, it serves as a foundation for various ornamental finishes such as painting, whitewashing, etc.
2. Pointing
This is the finishing technique for mortar joints in exposed brick or stone masonry, which involves two processes. First, masonry joints in brick or stone are scraped out to a depth of approximately 15 mm, and these areas are then filled with a suitable mortar of a richer mix. Pointing provides the brickwork an attractive look and prevents water from entering the wall.
3. Painting
This is the process of applying paint as a final finish to all surfaces, including walls, ceilings, woodwork, metalwork, etc., in order to preserve them from weathering effects to avoid decay of wood and corrosion in metal, and to achieve a clean, colorful, and aesthetically beautiful surface.
4. Varnishing
This is the procedure of adding varnish to wooden and painted surfaces to enhance their look and preserve them from the effects of the environment.
5. Dis-Tempering
This is the method of applying distemper to plastered surfaces more simply and at a lower cost than paints and varnishes, in order to protect them from weather and enhance their appearance. A distemper as water paint consists of whiting (i.e., powdered chalk), a binder such as glue or casein, and proper amounts of pigments that dry quickly. Distempers are widely accessible in sealed tins as a stiff paste or dry powder in a number of distinct hues.
6. White Washing
In the first step of this procedure, a combination of pure fat-slaked lime and adequate water is created. It is then sieved through coarse cloth and a combination of cooked gum and rice is added in certain quantities. The resulting solution, known as white-wash, is then applied with brushes in a predetermined number of coats, often three.
7. Color Washing
It is comparable to whitewashing, with the addition of a coloring pigment of the appropriate hue and nature untouched by lime. The application of color washing is limited to one or two coats.
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